Gịnị bụ inductor?

Njikwa Ụlọ Ọrụ Bingsen Mbụ

Inductance bụ njirimara anụ ahụ na sekit nke na-akọwa otu ihe mejupụtara sekit si eguzogide mgbanwe na ugbu a ma na-emepụta voltaji. Iji kọwaa echiche a nke ọma na n'ụzọ nkịtị, ka anyị nyochaa ya n'ọtụtụ akụkụ:

1. Ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri ugbu a na nke magnetik
Nke mbụ, ọ dị mkpa ịghọta na mgbe ọkụ eletrik gafere waya, ọ na-emepụta oghere magnet. Nke a bụ isi ihe dị mkpa nke electromagnetism. Ike nke ọkụ eletrik dabere na oke ọkụ eletrik: ka ọkụ eletrik na-ebu ibu, otú ahụ ka ọkụ eletrik na-emepụta sikwuo ike.

2. Ntinye elektrọnik
Na-esote, anyị ga-ewebata induction electromagnetic. Iwu Faraday nke induction electromagnetic na-agwa anyị na oghere magnet na-agbanwe agbanwe nwere ike ịmepụta voltaji na ndị na-eduzi gburugburu. Nke a pụtara na ọ bụrụ na ị nwere oghere magnet na ike ya na-agbanwe, ọ nwere ike "ịkpalite" ma ọ bụ "ịkpalite" voltaji na waya ndị dị nso.

3. Ọrụ nke inductance
Ya mere, kedu ka inductance si arụ ọrụ? Mgbe ị nwere waya (dị ka eriri) ma tinye ọkụ eletrik n'ime, a ga-emepụta oghere magnet. Ọ bụrụ na ọkụ eletrik amalite ịgbanwe (mmụba ma ọ bụ ibelata), oghere magnetik gbara ya gburugburu ga-agbanwekwa. Dịka iwu Faraday si dị, oghere magnetik a na-agbanwe agbanwe ga-emepụta voltaji e tinyere na waya ahụ, nke na-agbalị ịnọgide na-enwe mmiri ọkụ eletrik mbụ na-agbanweghị agbanwe. Ihe a bụ ngosipụta nke inductance.

Ọ bụrụ na ọkụ eletrik amụbaa, inductor ga-emepụta voltaji azụ, na-agbalị ibelata ọkụ eletrik. Ọ bụrụ na ọkụ eletrik ebelata, inductor ga-emepụta voltaji n'ihu, na-agbalị ịbawanye ọkụ eletrik. Ọ bụ ya mere a na-akọwa inductor mgbe ụfọdụ dị ka "inertia" nke ọkụ eletrik, na-eguzogide mgbanwe na ọkụ eletrik.

4. Kọlụlụ na Inductance
N'ọrụ bara uru, iji mee ka mmetụta inductance dịkwuo elu, a na-agba waya gburugburu n'ụdị coils. Waya ọ bụla dị n'ime coil ahụ ga-emetụta ibe ha n'ihi oghere magnet nke coils ndị dị nso na-emepụta, nke ga-eme ka inductance nke coil dum buru ibu karịa nke onye nduzi kwụ ọtọ.

5. Ngwa
Inductors nwere ọtụtụ ọrụ bara uru. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, na ngwa ike, enwere ike iji inductor mee ka mgbanwe voltaji dị mfe; Na ngwa nkwukọrịta ikuku, a na-eji ya na capacitors emepụta sekit oscillation nke nwere ike ịchacha akara nke ugboro ole akọwapụtara.

(1) Ihe nzacha ike
A na-eji inductor eme ihe na sekit ike, ọkachasị n'ịgbanwe ihe ndị na-enye ike, iji mee ka ọkụ eletrik na voltaji dị nro, belata mkpọtụ na spikes. A na-eji ha egbochi mkpọtụ ugboro ugboro dị elu ma nye ike DC kwụsiri ike na sekit.
(2) Nhọrọ sekit na ugboro ole a na-akpọ Resonant Circuit
A na-eji inductor na capacitors eme ihe ọnụ iji guzobe sekit resonant nke nwere ike ịhọrọ ma ọ bụ mee ka akara dịkwuo elu na ugboro ole akọwapụtara. Nke a dị oke mkpa na ngwaọrụ nkwukọrịta ikuku dịka redio na ekwentị mkpanaaka, ebe enwere ike iji ya maka nzacha na nhazi ugboro ugboro.

(3) Nchekwa na nnyefe ike
Ndị na-enye ihe na-enye ihe na-enye ihe na-enye ike na sekit, ọkachasị na ihe ndị na-enye ike pulse na ngwa nchekwa ike nwa oge. Na transformers, a na-eji inductor ebufe ike n'etiti sekit dị iche iche site na njikọ magnet ma na-enye ohere maka mgbanwe na voltaji na ọkwa ugbu a.
(4) Ịmachi nchedo ugbu a na oke ọkụ eletrik
N'ime sekit mmalite na nke inye ike nke moto eletriki, inductor nwere ike igbochi ọnụego mmụba ugbu a na oke ọkụ eletrik, si otú a na-enye nchebe gabigara ókè ma gbochie mmebi sekit.

(5) Nhazi mgbaama
N'ihe gbasara nhazi akara analog, a na-eji inductor enyocha akara ugboro ugboro dị elu, mgbochi ndakọrịta, na mgbaama igbu oge. Ha bụ ihe a na-ahụkarị na nhazi nzacha dị iche iche.
(6) Mgbochi nnyonye anya elektrọnik (EMI)
A na-eji inductance egbochi ma na-enyocha nnyonye anya elektrọnik (EMI), nke nwere ike igbochi mkpọtụ ịbanye na sekit ahụ ma gbochie mkpọtụ ịpụta site na sekit ahụ, si otú a zere nnyonye anya na ngwaọrụ ndị ọzọ.

(7) Sensọ
N'ụfọdụ teknụzụ sensọ, a na-eji inductor achọpụta mgbanwe na mpaghara magnet, nke nwere ike ịbụ njikọ na ọnọdụ, ọsọ, ma ọ bụ ọnụọgụ anụ ahụ ndị ọzọ.
(8) Ndozi ihe ike
Na sistemụ ike AC, a na-eji inductor na capacitors eme ihe iji melite ihe ike, belata oriri ike mmeghachi omume, ma si otú a mee ka arụmọrụ nke iji ike eletrik arụ ọrụ dịkwuo mma.

6. Nha nha
Nkeji nke inductance bụ Henry (H), aha ya bụ aha onye sayensị Amerịka bụ́ Joseph Henry. Ọ bụrụ na inductance nke coil bụ 1 Henry, mgbe ahụ oge ọ bụla ọkụ eletrik na-agbanwe na ọnụego 1 ampere kwa sekọnd, ọ ga-emepụta voltaji nke 1 volt na coil ahụ.

nchịkọta
Ya mere, n'ozuzu, inductance bụ njirimara nke ihe mejupụtara nke na-eguzogide mgbanwe na ugbu a site n'ịmepụta voltaji azụ n'ime ihe mejupụtara ya iji lụso mgbanwe ngwa ngwa na ugbu a ọgụ. Ụkpụrụ dị mfe a nwere ọtụtụ ojiji na teknụzụ eletrọniki na injinia eletriki, site na nzacha ike kachasị mfe ruo na nhazi ugboro redio dị mgbagwoju anya.